This publication represents UNEPs response to the growing worldwide interest in further exploring the environment and security nexus and the contribution of timely and credible assessments to conflict prevention.

UNEP-WCMC Biodiversity Series No 22. Cold-water coral reefs : Out of sight - no longer out of mind describes the various cold-water coral ecosystems and associations together with their known and potential worldwide geographical distribution. Case studies and observations from several locations illustrate the state of these reefs and highlight their vulnerability to threats caused by human activities, which have already destroyed or affected a large number of cold-water coral reefs.

Water scarcity and water pollution pose a critical challenge in many developing countries. In urban areas, it is becoming difficult for the authorities to manage water supply and wastewater. Strategies for water and wastewater reuse can improve urban water management. This publication provides introductory guidelines for these strategies. The important aspects to minimize public health risks are identified. The possibilities of wastewater reuse in agriculture, industry, urban uses, and environmental water enhancement including groundwater recharge are discussed with the help of practical examples. The capacity building policy-making, institutional strengthening, financial mechanisms, and awareness raising and stakeholder participation are vital to implement these strategies for wastewater reuse.