Undernourishment declined globally from 19 percent to 11 percent in the past quarter century, while child stunting fell from 40 percent to 23 percent. But populations and food demand continue to grow, especially in South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. Ending hunger and all forms of malnutrition by 2030 requires faster downward trends. Goal 2 also addresses poverty and food insecurity through enhancing agricultural productivity and sustainability.

Marine protected areas offer one of the best options for maintaining or returning ocean and coastal ecosystems to healthy conditions, particularly when developed as part of a wider management system. Ecological benefits come from protecting species, habitats and ecosystem functions. Social benefits come from engaging stakeholders in the planning and the fair sharing of benefits. Economic benefits come from ensuring the long-term sustainable use of natural resources and tourism incomes. The combined impact could support many of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, including reducing poverty, improving food security and tackling impacts of climate change.

A policy summary of Pastoralism and the Green Economy - a natural nexus? This study focuses on pastoralism’s current and future potential for securing sustainable management and green economy outcomes from the world’s rangelands. It synthesises existing evidence and uses practical examples from mobile pastoralism in Europe, Latin America, North America, Central, Western and Southern Asia, Australia and throughout Africa to both demonstrate the system’s inherent characteristics for adaptive sustainability and some of the key opportunities and challenges for promoting development in rangelands. Finally, the study identifies the key enabling conditions required for pastoralism to deliver on its potential role in a Green Economy.

This chapter deals with site-specific land contamination issues where the focus was on soil and groundwater contamination. Sites were assessed on a case-by case basis, where it was often possible to pinpoint the source of the contamination and identify the operator responsible for clean-up.